Grade 1 - Retina has twisted vessels + negligible choroidal lesions.This is a hereditary anomaly in the eye and affected dogs are born with the condition. “Enophthalmia" describes eyeballs sunken backward deep into the bony eye sockets. “Microphthalmia” describes eyeballs are not developed fully and are abnormally smaller. Sometimes, many dogs have a normal vision if the severity of defects is less.ĬEA may be associated with more obvious abnormalities in the eye that can be seen without special equipment. Depending on the severity of the developmental defects, there is variation in the degree of loss of sight. Blindness is the most common sign associated with CEA. Nowadays, commercially available genetic tests are available to breeders and they can identify genetically affected dogs.ĬEA is not a separate disease it is often described as a syndrome. This disease has autosomal recessive inheritance with incomplete penetrance of the causative gene. When it is really severe, this disease can lead to loss of sight as the retina becomes detached or there is no required blood flow.Īll the Dogs affected by this disease have a 7.8 kb deletion located in the intron 4 of the non-homologous end-joining factor 1 (NHEJ1) gene (chromosome 37). Collie eye anomaly typically results in the underdevelopment of the choroid ( the vascular layer of the eye located between the retina and sclera), retinal detachment, thinning of the sclera, and defect in the optic nerve.
Collie eye anomaly (CEA) is an inherited, non-progressive disease due to a mutation in the gene that determines the development of the eye causing heterogeneous signs and visual impairment.Īlso known as collie eye, this disease was first described by Magrane in 1953.
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